In the Pokémon anime, many Pokémon’s cries consist of their name spoken repeatedly. There really is no shortage of jokes made about the illogicality of how a single word can make up an entire language. Other things people might like to make fun of are the fact that all Pokémon can understand each other, and the fact that wild Pokémon can understand humans even if they’ve probably only heard small amounts of human speech in passing.
Instead of just disregarding canon, I like to
explain it.
For starters, all Pokémon species are capable of understanding each other’s speech. This is simultaneously the most interesting concept of Pokéspeech, and the one thing that makes it vastly different from how humans communicate. How can the highly varied Pokémon cries be picked up and understood by other Pokémon? For the same reason that, for the longest time, humans could not understand them: we communicate through making different sounds. Our wide vocal range and the near infinite amount of word combinations means that what a word sounds like indicates its meaning. With Pokémon, this is completely irrelevant: the exact sound made does not matter—it is
how it is made. A Pokémon does not notice whether it is hearing “Pipikachu” or “Charcharmander”, it notices far more delicate vocal cues like the length of the syllables, the order, the intonation, pauses and sharpness of the sounds, hand gestures, and much more. In fact, it could even be said that with Pokéspeech, what matters is the meaning behind what is spoken, not the exact sounds.
This universal system implies that the language centers in a Pokémon’s brain are extremely different from ours, which is supported by many different factors. All Pokéspeech follows a central language system, and while there are definite regional and species-specific variations, the core system may very well be an instinctual one, programmed into all Pokémon’s minds. For another thing, this results in Pokémon being highly adept at picking up new languages, able to clearly understand their trainers in a remarkably short amount of time. Some wild Pokémon have come into contact with enough humans through battling that they already understand a large amount of human language without being trained. Their vocal restrictions simply prevent them from actually conversing with us. And likewise, it is difficult for humans to recreate all of the nuances in a single word of Pokéspeech, while we can be trained to hear them.
I also have another theory: suppose a Pokémon is bred and raised by humans, with no exposure to other Pokémon. It will face an interesting problem. Being exposed to human language ensures that it does not miss out on the crucial language development stage (an unfortunate situation well-known from humans raised by animals), but finds itself unable to speak its first learned language. At the same time, however, it exhibits an instinctual need to communicate, and will eventually learn how to convey its ideas through cries that are stunningly similar to normal Pokéspeech. (However, its communication capabilities will be noticeably stunted for several years. The Pokémon League now places restrictions on its breeding centers to avoid this problem.)
Also of note is the fact that in canon, Pokémon are perfectly content to be called by their species name. This seems to imply that they themselves generally refer to individuals of another species just by the species name, and therefore clearly don’t care if humans do so to them. For this reason, it’s probably typical that they don’t ask strangers their name.
~Chibi~

